What does a chromosome primarily carry?

A chromosome primarily carries genes in a linear order. Each chromosome is composed of DNA, and this DNA is organized into specific segments called genes, which encode the instructions for building proteins and other molecules necessary for the functioning of the organism. The linear arrangement of genes on a chromosome is critical for processes such as replication, transcription, and inheritance, as it ensures that genetic information is passed accurately during cell division and that proteins are produced in the correct sequences needed for cellular functions.

The structure of chromosomes allows for the efficient packaging of DNA within the nucleus of the cell while also facilitating the controlled expression of genes. This organization is essential for proper gene regulation, cell function, and ultimately the phenotype of an organism.