What is the term for the motion of charged particles in a colloid under an electric field?

The motion of charged particles in a colloid under an electric field is known as electrophoresis. This phenomenon occurs when an electric field is applied to a mixture containing charged particles, causing them to migrate towards the electrode with the opposite charge. The rate and direction of this movement depend on the size and charge of the particles, as well as the strength of the electric field.

Electrophoresis is commonly used in laboratories to separate and analyze different biomolecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids. This technique allows scientists to study the characteristics of these molecules, including their size and charge, which are crucial for various applications in research and medical diagnostics.

The other terms listed are related to different biological processes. Transcription refers to the process of copying genetic information from DNA to RNA. Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by living organisms. Chemosynthesis involves the conversion of carbon molecules into organic matter using the oxidation of inorganic molecules, commonly observed in certain bacteria.