What is the type of cell division that results in the formation of spores in plants?

The process that results in the formation of spores in plants is meiosis. This specialized type of cell division reduces the chromosome number by half, creating haploid spores from a diploid parent cell. In plants, particularly in the life cycle of bryophytes (like mosses) and ferns, meiosis is critical for the production of spores that can germinate to form new organisms.

Spore formation through meiosis also contributes to genetic diversity because it generates genetic variation among the spores, which is vital for adaptation and evolution in changing environments. Each spore carries a unique combination of genes, which allows for greater survival and reproductive success in future generations.