What term describes the process when populations of organisms die out?

The process when populations of organisms die out is referred to as extinction. This term specifically denotes the complete disappearance of a species from the planet, where no living individuals remain. Extinction occurs for various reasons, including habitat loss, climate change, invasive species, or over-exploitation of resources.

Understanding extinction is crucial in the study of biodiversity and ecology as it highlights the importance of conservation efforts to protect endangered species and their habitats. By recognizing the factors that lead to extinction, we can implement strategies to prevent further loss of species diversity and maintain ecological balance.

Conservation refers to the efforts made to protect and preserve biodiversity, while succession describes the natural process of change and development of ecosystems over time. Flora pertains to plant life in a particular region or environment and is not related to the concept of populations dying out.