Which process describes the conversion of DNA information into protein?

The conversion of DNA information into protein is best described as gene expression. This is a broad term that encompasses both transcription and translation, the two key processes involved in synthesizing proteins from genetic information.

During gene expression, the information encoded in a gene is first transcribed from DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nucleus. This process is known as transcription. After transcription, the mRNA molecule is then translated into a specific sequence of amino acids, forming a protein, through the mechanism of translation that occurs in the cytoplasm, typically at ribosomes.

Selecting gene expression reflects an understanding that it includes the entire pathway through which the genetic code leads to protein formation, rather than isolating just one part of the process, such as transcription or translation.