Which term refers to a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment?

The term that refers to a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment is "ecosystem." An ecosystem encompasses all living organisms (plants, animals, fungi, microorganisms) within a particular area, along with their interactions with each other and with the physical elements of their environment, such as air, water, soil, and climate.

In an ecosystem, the relationships among organisms (including food webs, symbiotic relationships, and competition) and their non-living environment (such as nutrient cycles and energy flow) are vital for sustaining life. This complex network allows for energy transfer, nutrient cycling, and habitat provision, making it possible for diverse life forms to thrive.

Other terms like "habitat," "population," and "community" refer to more specific concepts within this broader framework. A habitat is the place where an organism lives, a population is a group of individuals of the same species within a defined area, and a community refers to all the different populations living together in a specific area. While these terms describe different aspects of ecological interactions, it is the ecosystem that integrates them all into a cohesive unit that includes both biotic and abiotic factors.